Non Cultured Melanocyte Transplantation

Cultured and non-cultured melanocyte transplantation are two types of surgical treatments for stable vitiligo.

Stable vitiligo refers to the absence of new patches or enlargement of existing patches for at least 6 months to 3 years according to different guidelines globally.

1. Non-Cultured Melanocyte Transplantation(NCMT): Non-cultured melanocyte transplantation involves taking a small skin sample from an area of the body that has healthy pigmentation, such as the thigh or hip. The skin sample is processed in a lab to isolate melanocytes, which are the cells responsible for producing skin pigmentation. The melanocytes are then transplanted onto the depigmented areas of skin using a special device that creates abrasion of the depigmented(white areas) to allow the melanocytes to penetrate the outer layer.

The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia and can take several hours, depending on the size and location of the area being treated. Patients may experience some discomfort and redness following the procedure, but this typically resolves within a few days. The transplanted melanocytes will start producing pigment within a few weeks after starting photo therapy, and full results can be seen within several months.

2. Cultured Melanocyte Transplantation: Cultured melanocyte transplantation involves a similar process of taking a small skin sample from an area of the body that has healthy pigmentation. However, in this case, the melanocytes are cultured and expanded in a lab over several weeks to produce a larger number of cells. The cultured melanocytes are then transplanted onto the depigmented areas of skin using the same laser device as non-cultured melanocyte transplantation.

The advantage of cultured melanocyte transplantation is that it can be used to treat larger areas of depigmented skin, as a larger number of melanocytes can be produced in the lab. However, the procedure is more time-consuming and expensive than non-cultured melanocyte transplantation.

Both non-cultured and cultured melanocyte transplantation have shown promising results in the treatment of stable vitiligo. However, it is important to note that the procedure may not be effective for everyone, and there is a risk of complications such as infection, scarring, and hyperpigmentation. Patients should discuss the risks and benefits of the procedure with a dermatologist before undergoing treatment.